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Progress in the automotive industry is so rapid that you might think manufacturers come up with new engines all the time.
In fact, although they are updated very often, many engines continue in their original basic form years and sometimes decades after the cars they first appeared in went out of production. What follows are the more spectacular examples:
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Opel CIH: 1965-1995 (30 years)
The Opel CIH was a highly flexible series of engines that featured four or six cylinders, with sizes ranging from 1.5 litres up to 3.6 litres. In the UK, the most well-known cars fitted with Opel’s Cam In Head engine were the Ascona, Kadett and Manta (pictured).
The CIH actually made its debut in the second-generation Rekord, and was still being used in 1995 in the Isuzu off-roader sold in the UK as the Vauxhall Frontera.
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Opel CIH: 1965-1995 (30 years)
USED IN:
CHEVROLET 1700, DAEWOO Royale, HOLDEN: Sunbird, Torana, ISUZU: MU, OPEL: Ascona, GT, Kadett (pictured), Manta, Olympia, Omega, Rekord, Ranger, Saehan Rekord, VAUXHALL: Carlton, Cavalier, Frontera.
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Rover V8: 1967-2004 (37 years)
This all-aluminium engine was based on the Buick 215 (born in 1960), used in both Buicks and Pontiacs. General Motors abandoned it for reasons of expense and unreliability, then sold it to Rover, which redesigned it, making it more dependable in the process.
With an excellent combination of power, torque and light weight, it featured in Rovers (like the SD1 3500, pictured), Land Rovers, MGs, Morgans and TVRs. Starting life as a 3.5-litre, it ended its days as a 4.6-litre.
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Rover V8: 1967-2004 (37 years)
EXCLUDING ITS GM DAYS, IT WAS USED IN:
GINETTA: G33, LAND ROVER: Series II, 110/130, Defender, Discovery (pictured), Range Rover, LEYLAND: P76, MGB: GT V8, MG: RV8, MORGAN: Plus 8, ROVER: P5, P6, SD1, TRIUMPH: TR8. TVR: 350i, Chimaera, Griffith, V8S.
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Renault Billancourt: 1947-1985 (38 years)
Also known as the Ventoux in higher-performance applications, the Billancourt powered the first post-War Renault, sold in the UK as the 750 and elsewhere as the 4CV (pictured).
Although replaced in several models by the larger Cléon-Fonte, it was still available in the Renault 5 TL Laureate as late as 1985.
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Renault Billancourt: 1947-1985 (38 years)
USED IN:
ALPINE: A106, A108, RENAULT: 3, 4, 5, 6, 4CV/750, Caravelle, Dauphine (pictured), Dauphinoise, Estafette, Juvaquatre, Ondine.
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AMC Straight Six: 1964-2006 (42 years)
American Motors Corporation first put its new inline six-cylinder engine into a special version of the 1964 Rambler called the Typhoon. In 4.0-litre form it was one of the best features of the first Jeep Cherokee (pictured) officially imported to the UK, and was still being fitted to the Wrangler as late as 2006.
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AMC Straight Six: 1964-2006 (42 years)
USED IN:
AMC: Concord, Eagle, Gremlin, Hornet, Javelin, Matador, Pacer, Rebel, Spirit, JEEP: CJ, Cherokee, Comanche, Commando, Gladiator, Grand Cherokee, Wrangler (pictured), Wagoneer, PARS: Khodro Arya, Khodro Shahin, RAMBLER: Ambassador, American, Marlin, Rebel, Typhoon, RENAULT: Rambler.
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Citroën 2CV: 1948-1990 (42 years)
Citroën’s air-cooled two-cylinder, ranging in size from 375cc to 602cc, lasted the entire life of the 2CV, which might have begun nine years earlier if war hadn’t got in the way. The engine was also used in the Ami, Dyane and Mehari. A 652cc development of it later appeared in the Visa.
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Citroën 2CV: 1948-1990 (42 years)
USED IN:
CITROËN: 2CV (pictured), Acadiane, Ami, Bijou, Dyane, Mehari.
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Ferrari Colombo V12: 1947-1989 (42 years)
Enzo Ferrari (pictured centre) asked engineer Gioacchino Colombo what he would do with a 1500 [cc engine]. Colombo replied that “Maserati has four cylinders, the British have six, Alfa Romeo has eight, so we should have 12.”
Enzo entirely agreed, and the resulting brilliant V12 was at the heart of a great many 20th-century Ferraris.
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Ferrari Colombo V12: 1947-1989 (42 years)
It appeared in the very first Ferrari-badged car, the 1.5-litre 125 S sports racer, and stayed around (after decades of development and an increase in size to 4.9 litres) until production of the 412 grand tourer came to an end in 1989.
USED IN:
FERRARI: 125 S, 250 (pictured), 275, 330, 365, 400, 412, Daytona, Superamerica.
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Jaguar XK: 1949-1992 (43 years)
The six-cylinder XK became available to the public when the XK120 (pictured) went into full-scale production in 1950, and for two decades after that it was the only engine fitted to any Jaguar. Born as a 3.4-litre, it went as small as a 2.4-litre and as large as 4.2 litres.
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Jaguar XK: 1949-1992 (43 years)
Its swansong was its appearance in the Daimler DS420 limousine (pictured).
USED IN:
DAIMLER: DS420, Sovereign, JAGUAR: 240, 3.4-litre, 420, S-Type (1960s), E-Type, Mark 2, Mark 7, Mark 8, XJ6, XK120, XK140, XK150, XK SS, PANTHER: De Ville, Panther J72.
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Renault Cléon-Fonte: 1962-2004 (42 years)
Named after a factory in Normandy and the French word for cast iron, the Cléon-Fonte appeared in 1962 in the Caravelle sports car (as an 845cc), the Estafette van and the 8 saloon (pictured), the latter being the first vehicle specifically designed to use it.
Its last appearance was in a Dacia, by which time it had been enlarged to as much as 1.6 litres.
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Renault Cléon-Fonte: 1962-2004 (42 years)
USED IN:
ALPINE: A110, DACIA: 1100, 1300/1310, DAF: 55, 66, RENAULT: 4, 5 (pictured – sold as Le Car in USA), 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 18, 19, Caravelle, Estafette, Fuego, Twingo, VOLVO: 343/345, 66.
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Alfa Romeo Twin Cam: 1954-1997 (43 years)
This twin overhead-camshaft engine was used for more than four decades in front-engined, rear-wheel drive Alfas, from the 1.3-litre Giulietta (pictured) to the 164 eight-valve 2.0-litre Twin Spark which went out of production in 1997. The 16-valve Twin Sparks were based on a later engine designed by Fiat.
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Alfa Romeo Twin Cam: 1954-1997 (43 years)
USED IN:
ALFA ROMEO: 155, 164 (pictured), 1750, 1750 Berlina, 2000, 2000 Berlina, 75, 90, Alfetta, Giulia, Giulietta, Gran Sport Quattroruote, GTA, GTV, Romeo, Spider (1966-1994).
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Ford Kent: 1959-2002 (43 years)
The Kent name is used for an engine which first appeared in the Ford Anglia (pictured) and was updated with a crossflow cylinder head in 1967. Later versions for front-wheel drive cars are known as Valencia. Lotus and Cosworth used the Kent as a basis for high-performance engines including the Twin Cam and the BDA.
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Ford Kent: 1959-2002 (43 years)
USED IN:
CATERHAM: Seven, FORD: Anglia, Capri, Consul Classic, Consul Capri, Corsair, Cortina, Escort, Fiesta, Ka (pictured), Orion, Prefect 107E, LOTUS: Elan, Seven, MARCOS: GT, MORGAN: 4/4, TVR: 1600M, Grantura, Vixen.
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Fiat 100 Series: 1955-2001 (46 years)
The first engine fitted to the rear of any Fiat was the 100 Series, which made its debut in 633cc form in the 600 (pictured) of 1955. Available in many sizes from then on, up to 1055cc, it just made it into the 21st century before Fiat withdrew it from the Panda range early in 2001.
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Fiat 100 Series: 1955-2001 (46 years)
USED IN:
ABARTH: Spyder 210 A, AUTOBIANCHI: A112, FIAT: 127, 600, 850, 900T, Cinquecento, Panda (pictured), Seicento, Uno, FIAT-ABARTH: 750, 850, 1000, OT, GIANNINI: 1000, LOMBARDI: Grand Prix, NECKAR: Jagst, OTAS: Grand Prix 820, SEAT: 127, 133, 600, 800, 850, Ibiza Mk1, Marbella, Panda, YUGO 45, ZASTAVA: 600/750/850, Koral.
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Lamborghini V12: 1964-2010 (46 years)
Lamborghini has developed only two V12 engines in its history. The earlier one was fitted to its first model, the 350GT, and was still being used nearly half a century later in the Murciélago. It was only when the Aventador was being planned that Lamborghini decided to design a more modern V12.
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Lamborghini V12: 1964-2010 (46 years)
USED IN:
LAMBORGHINI: 350GT, 400, Countach, Diablo, LM002, Murciélago (pictured).
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Buick V6: 1962-2009 (47 years)
This became the first V6 to power a volume-produced American car when it was fitted to the Buick Special (pictured), as a 3.2-litre. Manufacturing rights were briefly held by Kaiser-Jeep until General Motors bought them back.
The last car among many in the GM empire to use it was the first-generation Buick LaCrosse, which went out of production in 2009, by which time the engine was a 3.8-litre.
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Buick V6: 1962-2009 (47 years)
USED IN:
BUICK: Century, Electra, LaCrosse (pictured), LeSabre, Regal, Riviera, Skyhawk, Skylark, Special, CADILLAC: DeVille, Seville, CHEVROLET: Camaro, El Camino, Impala, Malibu, Monte Carlo, Monza, HOLDEN: Caprice, Commodore, JEEP: CJ, Jeepster Commando, OLDSMOBILE: 98, Achieva, Cutlass Ciera, Cutlass Supreme, Delta 88, Omega, Starfire, Toronado, PONTIAC: Bonneville, Firebird, Grand Am, Grand Prix, LeMans, Sunbird, Ventura.
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BMC A-Series: 1951-2000 (49 years)
From the first Austin A30 to the last classic Mini, the A-Series and the highly developed but technically similar A-Plus were used in a bewildering variety of mass-market British cars.
It was also a cheap and usually reliable power source for many low-volume sports cars, kitcars and home-built specials. Originally 803cc in size offering just 28bhp, it maxed out as a 1275cc, with 70bhp of output, though got as much as 94bhp blown in the MG Metro Turbo.
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BMC A-Series: 1951-2000 (49 years)
USED IN:
AUSTIN: 1100/1300, A30, A35, A40, Allegro, Austin-Healey Sprite, Metro, INNOCENTI: Mini, Regent, Spyder, MG: 1100/1300, Midget, Mini: Mini (pictured), Cord, Jem, Marcos, Moke, MORRIS: 1100/1300, Minor, RILEY: Elf, Kestrel 1300, VANDEN PLAS: Princess 1100/1300, WOLSELEY: 1100/1300, Hornet.
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Ford Windsor V8: 1961-present (58 years)
The Windsor is by North American standards a medium-sized V8 fitted initially to the fourth-generation Fairlane (pictured) and later to many other Fords, as well as the Sunbeam Tiger and AC Cobra.
Last placed in the Ford Explorer in 2001, it’s no longer used for any production car, but Ford will still sell you a new ‘crate’ engine to do with as you will.
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Ford Windsor V8: 1961-present (58 years)
USED IN:
AC: Cobra (pictured), CONTINENTAL: Mark 6, Mark 7, FORD: Bronco, Country Squire, Econoline, Elite, Explorer, F-Series, Fairlane, Fairmont, Falcon, Falcon Ranchero, Galaxie, Granada (North America), GT40, LTD, Mustang, Thunderbird, Torino, LINCOLN: Continental, Mark 7, Town Car, Versailles, MERCURY: Colony Park, Cougar, Cyclone, Grand Marquis, Marquis, Meteor, Monarch, Montego, Mountaineer, Zephyr, SALEEN: S7, SHELBY: GT350, SUNBEAM: Tiger.
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Rolls-Royce L-Series: 1959-present (60 years)
The L-Series is Britain’s longest-lived engine, and Rolls-Royce’s second V8. It made its debut in the Silver Cloud II (pictured) and Phantom V and the Bentley S2, though BMW-owned Rolls-Royce no longer has the rights to use it.
It started life as a 6.2-litre, with 185bhp, but it lives to this day in the Bentley Mulsanne, almost certainly the last production car it will ever be fitted to.
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Rolls-Royce L-Series: 1959-present (60 years)
Now fitted with twin-turbochargers, as a 6.75-litre in the Mulsanne Speed (pictured) it delivers 530bhp and a 190mph top speed.
USED IN:
BENTLEY: Arnage, Azure, Brooklands, Continental (pre-2003), Eight, Mulsanne, S2, S3, T-Series, Turbo, ROLLS-ROYCE: Camargue, Corniche, Phantom V and VI, Silver Spirit, Silver Spur, Silver Cloud II and III, Silver Shadow.
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Chevrolet Small Block: 1955-present (64 years)
The Small Block V8 was first used as a 4.7-litre in the Chevrolet Corvette (’58 model pictured) and the much larger Bel Air saloon in 1955, and appeared in many GM cars and trucks after that.
Like the Ford Windsor, it is available nowadays from GM only as a ‘crate’ engine, available to buy to keep an older car going. Total production is believed to be well over 100 million.
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Chevrolet Small Block: 1955-present (64 years)
USED IN:
ACADIAN, BEAUMONT, BUICK: Roadmaster, CADILLAC: Brougham, Escalade, Fleetwood, Fleetwood Sixty Special (pictured), CHECKER: Marathon, Taxi, CHEVROLET: Bel Air, Camaro, Caprice, Chevelle, Corvette, El Camino, Express, Impala, Monte Carlo, Monza, Nova, Suburban, Tahoe, GMC: Carryall, Savana, Sierra, Suburban, Yukon, GORDON KEEBLE, HUMMER: H1, ISO: Grifo, Lele, OLDSMOBILE: Custom Cruiser, Omega, Starfire, PONTIAC: Bonneville, Firebird, Grand LeMans, Grand Prix, Parisienne, Sunbird, Ventura.
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Volkswagen Type 1: 1938-2003 (65 years)
The Type 1 was the air-cooled flat-four cylinder engine designed for the original Volkswagen (nicknamed the Beetle though it was never officially called that) and used for many years in other small VWs.
It first appeared in 1938 as 985cc (with output of 24bhp) and did not stop being built until Mexican production of the Beetle ended in 2003.
PICTURE: 1303 GSR engine.
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Volkswagen Type 1: 1938-2003 (65 years)
By this late period (pictured) time the engine was a 1.6-litre, with fuel-injection, delivering 50bhp. The Beetle also holds the record for the longest ‘single-shape’ production run car so far produced.
USED IN:
VOLKSWAGEN: 1500/1600, 411/412, Karmann Ghia, Type 1 (Beetle), Type 2 (Kombi/Microbus/Transporter).
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