Right now, there's a lot of talk about reimagining our reliance on cars in cities, where the potential risks they present, from injuries to pollution, are statistically at their greatest.

Action has been under way to address the issues for some time, but the balance has typically been more in favour of raising revenue than cutting journey times via congestion charges, or encouraging lower-emission forms of transport, such as pedal bikes.

But there is much more to come.

A sign of where things are heading was revealed last month in Paris, a city that has been at the forefront of proactive action for some time despite its often well-deserved reputation for turning its roads to gridlock at a moment’s notice.